## Three theories of acids and also bases

There are three major classifications that substances recognized as mountain or bases. The Arrhenius definition states that an mountain produces H+ in solution and also a basic produces OH-. This theory was arisen by Svante Arrhenius in 1883. Later, two an ext sophisticated and also general theories to be proposed. These space the Brønsted-Lowry and the Lewis definitions of acids and bases. The relationship between these theory is illustrated in the figure below.

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## Conjugate acids and also bases

A typical misconception is that solid acids have weak conjugate bases, and also that weak acids have strong conjugate bases. It is basic to view that this is untrue by remembering the KaKb = Kw. Our meaning of a strong acid or base is the K >> 1, i.e., the the problem dissociates completely. Our an interpretation of a weak acid or basic is 1 > K > Kw. It complies with that if Ka >> 1 (strong) climate Kb cannot be > Kw (weak).

In fact, strong acids such as HCl dissociate to create spectator ions such together Cl- together conjugate bases, conversely, weak acids create weak conjugate bases. This is illustrated listed below for acetic acid and its conjugate base, the acetate anion.

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Acetic acid is a weak mountain (Ka = 1.8 x 10-5) and acetate is a weak base ($$K_b = \fracK_wK_a = 5.6 \times 10^10$$)